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Bitwise expressions¤

The bit shifts treat a value as a series of bits, the binary digits of the value are moved, or shifted, to the left or right.

There are also bitwise !AND, !OR and !NOT expression, at Logic chapter.

!SHL: Left logical shift¤

Type: Mapping.

!SHL
what: <...>
by: <...>

Tip

Left shifts could be used as fast multiplication by 2, 4, 8 and so on.

Example

!SHL
what: 9
by: 2

9 is represented by the binary value 1001. The left logical shift moves the bits to the left by 2. The result is 100100, which is 36 in the base-ten system. This is the same result as 9 * (2^2).

!SHR: Right logical shift¤

Type: Mapping.

!SHR
what: <...>
by: <...>

Tip

Right shifts could be used as fast division by 2, 4, 8 and so on.

Example

!SHR
what: 16
by: 3

16 is represented by 10000. The logical shift moves the bits to the right by 3. The result is 10, which is 2 in base-ten system. This is the same result as 16 / (2^3).

!SAL: Left arithmetic shift¤

Type: Mapping.

!SAL
what: <...>
by: <...>

Example

!SAL
what: 60
by: 2

!SAR: Right arithmetic shift¤

Type: Mapping.

!SAR
what: <...>
by: <...>

!ROL: Left rotation (circular) shift¤

Type: Mapping.

!ROL
what: <...>
by: <...>

!ROR: Right rotation (circular) shift¤

Type: Mapping.

!ROR
what: <...>
by: <...>